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Wednesday, May 1, 2024

BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights


About BADIL

BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights is an independent, human rights non-profit organization committed to defend and promote the rights of Palestinian refugees and internally displaced persons. Our vision, mission, programs and relationships are defined by our Palestinian identity and the principles of international humanitarian and human rights law. We seek to advance the individual and collective rights of the Palestinian people on this basis.

Established in 1998, BADIL is registered with the Palestinian Ministry of Interior; legally owned by a General Assembly and administered by 9 elected Board members. BADIL holds special consultative status with UN since 2006. BADIL believes that the only feasible and durable solution is one that is based on rights and justice; derived from international human rights, humanitarian and refugee law, the principles of justice, and the best practices of states. BADIL is unique in its comprehensive approach and legal analysis which is not restricted to a particular period of time or to a specific geographic location. BADIL’s work falls within four specialized units: Legal & International Advocacy, Research & Documentation, and Community Mobilization. https://badil.org/about

Protection Gap for Palestinian Refugees

A protection gap exists for Palestinian refugees worldwide due to the misinterpretation and misguided application of the 1951 Refugee Convention, the inability of the UNCCP to carry out its mandate thereby making it an essentially defunct organ, and the circumscribed mandate of UNRWA, which limits its work to humanitarian activities. In particular, the key role of the UNCCP and its termination has not been adequately considered by either UNHCR or any judicial authority with regard to what international protection obligations are owed Palestinian refugees. Until this issue is properly analyzed and corrected, Palestinian refugees will continue to receive lesser protection than they were guaranteed by the international community.

Handbooks | Research | Al-Majdal | Statements

Handbooks

Research

Al-Majdal

Statements

 

Palestinian Refugee Right of Return

To this day, the Israeli colonial-apartheid regime has denied the Palestinian people the right of return, a right repeatedly affirmed by the international community, primarily through the adoption of racist laws that regulate citizenship and residency as well as property and land ownership. Israel’s denial of the right of return directly breaches international law, which compels states to make remedies for wrongful acts committed and guarantee non-recurrence of said acts, and constitutes a violation of the Palestinian right to self-determination, which without the right of return for Palestinian refugees and IDPs would be incomplete. The international community must exert pressure on Israel to recognize the right of return of Palestinian refugees, and to implement it, starting with the revocation of all legislation and policies in place that deny return of all those displaced, followed by taking positive steps to facilitate the repatriation of all those displaced

Research  |  Al-Majdal Articles   |  Legal Interventions | Survey of Palestinian Refugees and IDPs

Research

 

Al-Majdal Articles

United Nations Relief and Work Agency (UNRWA)

Originally established by UN Resolution 302 of 1949 to carry out direct relief and works programs for Palestinian refugees, UNRWA’s mandate has been repeatedly renewed in light of the ongoing Palestinian refugee question. It’s short-term but renewable mandate and the absence of mechanisms to address the natural growth of the Palestinian refugee population since its establishment, together with the predominately voluntary funding system which is adversely susceptible to world politics, have resulted in a chronic funding crisis for the Agency and decreases in the quality and quantity of services provided to refugees. It is the responsibility of the international community to ensure the provision of humanitarian assistance and rights-based protections to Palestinian refugees and to act with immediate effect to resolve the funding crisis. Financing the essential programs run by UNRWA to ensure basic human rights must be made a mandatory obligation of the international community.

Research

Statement 

 

Key outside the Aida refugee camp, Palestine

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Factsheet on Palestinian Refugees: THE RIGHT TO RETURN, A BASIC RIGHT STILL DENIED*


Factsheet on Palestinian Refugees

Updated October 8, 2012

THE RIGHT TO RETURN, A BASIC RIGHT STILL DENIED*

• Palestinian refugees represent the longest suffering and largest refugee population in the world today.

• There are approximately 7.2 million Palestinian refugees, equivalent to about 70% of the entire Palestinian population which is estimated at 10.7 million worldwide.

• The breakdown of the refugee population is as follows:

Refugee at her home - a refugee camp.
  1. During the creation of the Zionist state in 1948, approximately three quarters of a million Palestinians were forced to become refugees. Together with their descendants, more than 4.3 million of these refugees are today registered with the United Nations while over 1.7 million are not. According to The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA), one-third of the registered refugees live in 59 U.N.-run camps in Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria, and in the West Bank and Gaza Strip sections of Palestine. The majority of the rest live in and around cities in the West Bank and Gaza Strip and of neighboring countries.
  2.  Approximately 32,000 Palestinians also became internally displaced in the areas occupied in 1948. Today, these refugees number approximately355,000 persons. Despite the fact that they were issued Israeli citizenship, the Zionist state has also denied these refugees their right to return to their homes or villages.
  3. When the West Bank and Gaza Strip were occupied in 1967, the U.N. reported that approximately 200,000 Palestinians fled their homes. These 1967 refugees and their descendants today number about 834,000 persons.
  4. As a result of home demolitions, revocation of residency rights and construction of illegal settlements on stolen Palestinian owned-land, at least 57,000 Palestinians have become displaced in the occupied West Bank. This number includes 15,000 persons so far displaced by the construction of Israel’s Annexation/Apartheid Wall.

• The Right to Return has a solid legal basis:

  1. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights article 13 affirms: “Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and return to his country.”
  2. The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination[Article 5 (d)(ii)], states: “State parties undertake to prohibit and to eliminate racial discrimination on all its forms and to guarantee the right of everyone, without distinction as to race, color, or national or ethnic origin, to equality before the law, notably in the enjoyment of … the right to leave any country, including one’s own, and to return to one’s country.“
  3. The International Convention on Civil and Political Rights [Article 12(4)], states: “No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his own country.”

Moreover, the Principle of Self Determination guarantees,inter alia, the right of ownership and domicile in one’s own country. The UN adopted this principle in 1947. In 1969 and thereafter, it was explicitly applied to the Palestinian People, including “the legality of the Peoples’ struggle for Self-Determination and Liberation”, (GAOR 2535 (xxiv), 2628 (xxv), 2672 (xxv), 2792 (xxvi)). International law demands that neither occupation nor sovereignty diminish the rights of ownership. When the Ottomans surrendered in 1920, Palestinian ownership of the land was maintained. The land and property of the refugees remains their own and they are entitled to return to it.

• In 1948, the international community felt a deep sense of responsibility for the mass dispossession, ethnic cleansing and the Zionist transfer policy that began then. United Nations Mediator Count Folke Bernadotte, who was later assassinated by a Zionist terrorist hit squad, stated: “It would be an offence against the principles of elemental justiceif these innocent victims of the conflict were denied the right to return to their homes, while Jewish immigrants flow into Palestine” (UN Doc Al 648, 1948). This remains true today as any Jew, regardless of national origin, can gain automatic citizenship while Palestinian Arabs are denied their right to return to their own homeland.

• Consistent with International Law, The United Nations General Assembly adopted Resolution 194 on December 11, 1948. Paragraph 11 states: “the [Palestinian] refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbors should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return and for loss of or damage to property which, under principles of international law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible.”

• UN General Assembly Resolution 194 has been affirmed by the UN over 110 times since its introduction in 1948 with universal consensus except for Israel and the U.S. This resolution was further clarified by UN General Assembly Resolution 3236 which reaffirms in Subsection 2: “the inalienable right of Palestinians to return to their homes and property from which they have been displaced and uprooted, and calls for their return.”

• Israel’s admission to the UN was conditional on its acceptance of UN resolutions including 194. Denying the right of Palestinian refugees to return to their homes and lands is a war crime and an act of aggression which deserves action by the international community. The international community can apply sanctions on Israel until it complies with international law.

Refugees barricaded from their home

• The right of refugees to return is not only sacred and legal but also possible. Demographic studies show that 80% of Israelis live in 15 percent of the land and that the remaining 20% live on 85% of the land that belongs to the refugees. Further, of the 20%, 18% live in Palestinian cities while the remaining 2% live in kibbutzim and moshavs. By contrast,more than 6,000 refugees live per square kilometer in the Gaza Strip, while over the barbed wire their lands are practically empty. Ninety seven percent of the entire refugee population currently lives within 100 km of their homes. Fifty percent live within 40 km. While many live within sight of their homes.

• The inalienable rights of refugeesare not negotiable. International law considers agreements between an occupier and the occupied to be null and void if they deprive civilians of recognized human rights including the rights to repatriation and restitution.

• The US is bound by its laws not to fund regimes that violate human rights and basic freedoms. There is no more elemental right than one’s right to his/her home and to live in his/her land. The US could use the leverage of the massive financial support it gives to the State of Israel to press for this right.

*Sources:

Dr. Salman Abu Sitta
Palestine Land Society
Badil Resource Center for Refugee Rights
United Nations Relief and Works Agency

Download fact sheet Download Fact Sheet    (need acrobat? Download from Adobe.com)
See also: FAQs on Refugees and Al Awda’s Points of Unity

Further reading:
 Encyclopedia of the Palestine Problem
 From Refugees To Citizens At Home
 The Question of Palestine and the United Nations
 History of the Palestine Problem

https://al-awdapalestine.org/learn-more/factsheet-on-palestinian-refugees/

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GLOBALIZE THE INTIFADA #artagainstapartheid Free Palestine!

Screenshot 2024-05-01 Clarence Diggs on Instagram
 

Screenshot 2024-05-01 Clarence Diggs on Instagram

Screenshot 2024-05-01 Clarence Diggs on Instagram

Intifada- shaking off racist Israeli injustice and lies that Zionists tell about Palestine & Palestinians

FYI the Israel/Palestine conflict did not start on Oct 7th 2023. To be fair and honest you must go back to 1917 when the British Empire and Occupation promoted the Balfour Declaration to create a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine.  At the time Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire and there was a small Arab Jewish population living there, living in peace along with Muslims and Christians.  

Fast forward to 1948 when following the horrors of the Nazi Holocaust, modern man made Israel was created. Israel was not created peacefully or by consensus with the Arab residents who had lived there for eons.  Israel was created by invading Zionist terrorists who murdered many indigenous Arabs- fragmenting families, and pushing millions of Palestinians into forced exile.

 

Annie's Notes about the real meanings of some very crucial words that are being badly misconstrued by Biden & the Zionist Word Police

 
 
Dove of Peace w Key ASA copyright 2009

Intifada- shaking off

From the River to the Sea-  Freedom, equality & respect everywhere for everyone- empowering the rule of fair and just laws.

Apartheid- 1940s: from Afrikaans, literally ‘separateness’, from Dutch apart ‘separate’ + -heid (equivalent of -hood):  SEGREGATION

Ethnic Cleansing- the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making a region ethnically or religiously homogenous.

 
Settler Colonialism- Settler colonialism occurs when colonizers invade and occupy territory to permanently replace the existing society with the society of the colonizers

 Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people[a] in whole or in part.  

In 1948, the United Nations Genocide Convention defined genocide as any of five "acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group". These five acts were: killing members of the group, causing them serious bodily or mental harm, imposing living conditions intended to destroy the group, preventing births, and forcibly transferring children out of the group. Victims are targeted because of their real or perceived membership of a group, not randomly

Polish lawyer Raphael Lemkin coined the term genocide in his 1944 book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, combining the Greek word γένος (genos, "race, people") with the Latin suffix -caedo ("act of killing"). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocide

Semite, name given in the 19th century to a member of any people who speak one of the Semitic languages, a family of languages spoken primarily in parts of western Asia and Africa. The term therefore came to include Arabs, Akkadians, Canaanites, Hebrews, some Ethiopians (including the Amhara and the Tigrayans), and Aramaean tribes.

Notice that indigenous Arab Palestinians, including Arab Christians, are being erased -ethnically cleansed- from historic Palestine while also being intentionally and persistently excluded from the definitions of antisemitism:

Antisemitism- hostility to or prejudice against Jewish people. The term anti-Semitism was coined in 1879 by the German agitator Wilhelm Marr to designate the anti-Jewish campaigns underway in central Europe at that time. Nazi anti-Semitism, which culminated in the Holocaust, had a racist dimension in that it targeted Jews because of their supposed biological characteristics—even those who had themselves converted to other religions or whose parents were converts. This variety of anti-Jewish racism dates only to the emergence of so-called “scientific racism” in the 19th century and is different in nature from earlier anti-Jewish prejudices.

The Right of Return 

"The Palestinian right of return[a] is the political position or principle that Palestinian refugees, both first-generation refugees (c. 30,000 to 50,000 people still alive as of 2012)[3][4] and their descendants (c. 5 million people as of 2012),[3] have a right to return and a right to the property they themselves or their forebears left behind or were forced to leave in what is now Israel and the Palestinian territories (both formerly part of the British Mandate of Palestine) during the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight (a result of the 1948 Palestine war) and the 1967 Six-Day War.

The right of return was initially formulated on 27 June 1948 by United Nations mediator Folke Bernadotte.[5] Proponents of the right of return hold that it is a human right, whose applicability both generally and specifically to the Palestinians is protected under international law.[6] This view holds that those who opt not to return, or for whom return is not feasible, should receive compensation. Proponents argue that Israel's opposition stands in contrast with its Law of Return that grants all Jews the right to settle permanently, while withholding any comparable right from Palestinians.[7]" wikipedia as of 1 May 2024

This artwork is titled Resolution 194, after the namesake UN General Assembly resolution. The keys symbolize those kept as mementos by many Palestinians who left their homes in 1948. Such keys and the Handala are common Palestinian symbols of support for the right of return.[1][2]

Article 11 – Palestinian Refugees

Within United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194 (1948), it is (mainly) Article 11 which deals with the return of Palestinian refugees.

Article 11 of the resolution reads:

[The General Assembly] Resolves that the refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbours should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return and for loss of or damage to property which, under principles of international law or in equity, should be made good by the Governments or authorities responsible.

 

2018 Protest for Palestine & Al-Awda, the Right of Return

2021 Memorial Day Weekend: Over 35,000 protestors converged in Washington DC this Memorial Day weekend for The National March for Palestine, the largest protest against U.S. foreign policy in the nation’s capital in decades. (Photo: Nuha Maharoof / IG sri.lankan)

Al-Awda logo 2024  https://al-awdapalestine.org/
 

Al-Awda, The Palestine Right to Return Coalition, is a broad-based, non-partisan, democratic, and charitable organization of grassroots activists and students committed to comprehensive public education on the rights of all Palestinian refugees to return to their homes and lands of origin, and to full restitution of all their confiscated and destroyed property in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International law and the numerous United Nations Resolutions upholding such rights (see Fact Sheet).

 

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Part of Israel's nefarious Ethnic Cleansing campaign is stealing the story- pressuring newspapers and politicians worldwide to favor "The Jewish State" above and beyond all else. Israel Uber Alis.


August 23, 2013 USPS postage stamp commemorating the 1963 March on Washington.
 Dear President Biden ...ec....

Nazi tactics included burning books, breaking windows, and cattle cars transporting human beings to concentration camps.

Zionists learned all about optics and record keeping from that terrible time- not all about how to build a fair and just nation and real democracy, but how to less obviously persecute, impoverish, and displace targeted populations in order to steal their land and resources.

Part of Israel's nefarious ethnic cleansing campaign is stealing the story- pressuring newspapers and politicians worldwide to favor "The Jewish State" above and beyond all else. Israel Uber Alis. 

There are legions of word police using bully tactics aimed at denigrating & silencing support for the indigenous Arab population of what was not so long ago called Historic Palestine. 

There are also charm campaigns seeking to beguile and/or bribe people into idolizing and funding Israel while our own country crumbles from lack of investment in infrastructures- roads- schools- public transportation- medical costs- affordable housing...etc...

The word "Semites" includes Arabs, but the phrase "antisemitism" excludes Arabs, specifically excludes the indigenous Arab Palestinians while they are being erased- ethnically cleansed- from their ancestral homes and lands while they are also being intentionally & persistently excluded from the definitions of antisemitism.

I AM NOT & never have been pro-Hamas. I am pro-Human Rights & pro- the rule of fair and just laws, Pro MLK Jr.'s "I Have A dream"... and pro-American ideals:  Please stop being an idiot for Israel. 

NOTES  https://anniesnewletters.blogspot.com/search/label/Notes

Sincerely,

Anne Selden Annab

"For the White House to allow pro-Israel “word police” to define what is & isn’t acceptable language is a dangerous abuse of power" James J Zogby ... & Annie's Notes about the real meanings of some very crucial words that are being badly misconstrued by Biden & the Zionist Word Police

Guardian Book Review: The Tale of a Wall by Nasser Abu Srour– a Palestinian prisoner writes... Jailed since the first intifada, Abu Srour charts a deeply personal journey through the conflict that has defined his life

Nothing screams ‘covering up war crimes’ like insisting that there should absolutely not be an independent investigation - Why hasn’t the US called for an investigation into mass graves in Gaza? Arwa Mahdawi in The Guardian

"Moreover, the Court considers it particularly important to remind all States of their international obligations relating to the transfer of arms to parties to an armed conflict, in order to avoid the risk that such arms might be used to violate the above-mentioned Conventions. "

Historical Maps of PALESTINE (or the) HOLY LAND

1948-2024 Palestinian Refugees ... due to Zionist brutality & Israeli bigotry

ARMS

Mark Twain "Sometimes I wonder whether the world is being run by smart people who are putting us on, or by imbeciles who really mean it."

Israel's real, undeclared goal has always been to make Gaza uninhabitable and destroy as many traces of Palestinian life as possible

Letter from 100+ Refugee and Human Rights Organizations to U.S. Government: Withholding Funding to UNRWA a “Moral and Strategic Failure”

Stephen Kapos is a regular figure on the pro-Palestine marches, often as part of the ever-growing Jewish bloc: “My message to the brave student protesters in America is just keep doing it. Don’t give up.”

87-year-old Holocaust survivor says- “From the River to the Sea, for me - a single democratic state... equal rights ... too late for the two state solution...

2,700-year-old carved shell found in Italy - but made in Syria, Lebanon, or Palestine ... trade & trade routes- civilization #art #beauty

It's an open book test #FreePalestine ... Pro-Palestinian protesters target White House Correspondents Dinner

SEE and SHARE: Zionists objecting to the Palestine Flag & a sign for CEASEFIRE break the display window of Women and Children First Bookstore in Chicago this week

Enlightenment ripples out online thanks to little things such as a forwarded photo of the Educate & Protest for Palestine College Campus Campaigns: The University of Pennsylvania encampment has set up a Refaat Alareer memorial library

Kamal Nasir poem: "The Story" thanks to educator Nancy Harb Almendras http://umkahlil.blogspot.com/

The now-famous poem “If I must die” by Refaat Al-Areer was written to his daughter Shaymaa, who Refaat foresaw as his continued presence on this earth, even after his departure from it. Today, Israel murdered Shaymaa, her husband, and their newborn child, in a deliberate assassination.

In my local paper: Dickinson students stage sit-in to show solidarity with arrested Palestine protesters "...organizer Diana Webb said she set up a folding chair by a “Free Gaza” sign and soon found other students came out to join her."

Arresting students and banning Tiktok will not stifle the truth about Israeli crimes against humanity.

FYI the Israel/Palestine conflict did not start on Oct 7th 2023. To be fair and honest you must go back to 1917 when the British Empire and Occupation promoted the Balfour Declaration to create a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine.  At the time Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire and there was a small Arab Jewish population living there, living in peace along with Muslims and Christians.  

Fast forward to 1948 when following the horrors of the Nazi Holocaust, modern man made Israel was created. Israel was not created peacefully or by consensus with the Arab residents who had lived there for eons.  Israel was created by invading Zionist terrorists who murdered many indigenous Arabs- fragmenting families, and pushing millions of Palestinians into forced exile.

Israel has failed to provide evidence of Unrwa staff terrorist links: report

The Colonna report, which was commissioned by the UN in the wake of Israeli allegations, found that Unrwa had regularly supplied Israel with lists of its employees for vetting, and that “the Israeli government has not informed Unrwa of any concerns relating to any Unrwa staff based on these staff lists since 2011”.

Israel has dropped almost 75,000 bombs and shells on Gaza in 200 days, twenty times more than the US aimed at Iraq in six years of war. It’s not war. It’s genocide.

UN NEWS 23 April 2024 Mass graves in Gaza show victims’ hands were tied, says UN rights office...200 days of horror... “Every 10 minutes a child is killed or wounded. They are protected under the laws of war, and yet they are ones who are disproportionately paying the ultimate price in this war,” said the High Commissioner.

Colleges should not be using students' tuition money to invest in companies supporting Israel's war in Gaza... "I Am a Jewish Student at Columbia. Don’t Believe What You’re Being Told About ‘Campus Antisemitism’. Smears from the press and pro-Israel influencers are a dangerous distraction from real threats to our safety."

CSM In West Bank, wave of settler violence creating feel of a war zone

There are enough weapons of war and destruction already on planet earth.

Where, after all, do universal human rights begin?

The UN Mediator for Palestine, Count Folke Bernadotte, believed that the Palestinians displaced had a right to return to their homes and wrote several UN reports to that effect.

"It would be an offence against the principles of elemental justice if these innocent victims of the conflict were denied the right to return to their homes while Jewish immigrants flow into Palestine, and, indeed, at least offer the threat of permanent replacement of the Arab refugees who have been rooted in the land for centuries."

Bernadotte was assassinated on Friday 17 September 1948 by members of the group Lehi, a Zionist terrorist organization, commonly known in the West as the Stern Gang

 

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world

 PALESTINE REMEMBERED

Jaffa's fishermen in 1870 Palestine

 

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"For the White House to allow pro-Israel “word police” to define what is & isn’t acceptable language is a dangerous abuse of power" James J Zogby ... & Annie's Notes about the real meanings of some very crucial words that are being badly misconstrued by Biden & the Zionist Word Police

 James J. Zogby

@jjz1600
So the president is now condemning the word “intifada” as hate speech. It literally means “shaking off,” as in removing the shackles of the past. For the White House to allow pro-Israel “word police” to define what is & isn’t acceptable language is a dangerous abuse of power
What the “word police” say can’t be said: apartheid, genocide, ethnic cleaning, settler colonialism, “from the River to the sea…”, & now intifada. The list keeps growing as a way to shield Israeli policies from criticism. & to equate this w/ antisemitism is so wrong.

 

 ~~~~~~

 Annie's Notes about the real meanings of some very crucial words that are being badly misconstrued by Biden & the Zionist Word Police

 
 
Dove of Peace w Key ASA copyright 2009


Intifada- shaking off

 

From the River to the Sea-  Freedom, equality & respect everywhere for everyone- empowering the rule of fair and just laws.

Apartheid- 1940s: from Afrikaans, literally ‘separateness’, from Dutch apart ‘separate’ + -heid (equivalent of -hood):  SEGREGATION

Ethnic Cleansing- the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making a region ethnically or religiously homogenous.


Settler Colonialism- Settler colonialism occurs when colonizers invade and occupy territory to permanently replace the existing society with the society of the colonizers

 Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people[a] in whole or in part.  

In 1948, the United Nations Genocide Convention defined genocide as any of five "acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group". These five acts were: killing members of the group, causing them serious bodily or mental harm, imposing living conditions intended to destroy the group, preventing births, and forcibly transferring children out of the group. Victims are targeted because of their real or perceived membership of a group, not randomly

Polish lawyer Raphael Lemkin coined the term genocide in his 1944 book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, combining the Greek word γένος (genos, "race, people") with the Latin suffix -caedo ("act of killing"). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genocide

 

Semite, name given in the 19th century to a member of any people who speak one of the Semitic languages, a family of languages spoken primarily in parts of western Asia and Africa. The term therefore came to include Arabs, Akkadians, Canaanites, Hebrews, some Ethiopians (including the Amhara and the Tigrayans), and Aramaean tribes.

 

Notice that indigenous Arab Palestinians, including Arab Christians, are being erased -ethnically cleansed- from historic Palestine while also being intentionally and persistently excluded from the definitions of antisemitism:

 

Antisemitism- hostility to or prejudice against Jewish people. The term anti-Semitism was coined in 1879 by the German agitator Wilhelm Marr to designate the anti-Jewish campaigns underway in central Europe at that time. Nazi anti-Semitism, which culminated in the Holocaust, had a racist dimension in that it targeted Jews because of their supposed biological characteristics—even those who had themselves converted to other religions or whose parents were converts. This variety of anti-Jewish racism dates only to the emergence of so-called “scientific racism” in the 19th century and is different in nature from earlier anti-Jewish prejudices.


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